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M  Class_Work/nuce2101/final/latex/problem1.tex

M  Class_Work/nuce2101/final/latex/problem2.tex
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Dane Sabo 2025-12-08 13:15:47 -05:00
parent 5301c60e73
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Runaway argument?
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@ -32,8 +32,7 @@ Now, how are these related? Well, the total number of neutrons is split between
the neutrons that are prompt neutrons and those that are destined to become
delayed neutrons. We can represent the fraction between the two as:
\[ N_t = (1-\beta)K_{eff} N_{in} + \sum_{i=1}^6 \lambda_i C_i \Delta t + S \Delta
t \]
\[ N_t = (1-\beta)K_{eff} N_{in} + \sum_{i=1}^6 \lambda_i C_i \Delta t + S \Delta t \]
where
@ -43,18 +42,15 @@ and
Then we find the change in neutron population:
\[ N_f - N_i = (1-\beta) K_{eff} N_i + \sum_{i=1}^6 \lambda_i C_i \Delta t + S
\Delta t - N_i \]
\[ N_f - N_i = (1-\beta) K_{eff} N_i + \sum_{i=1}^6 \lambda_i C_i \Delta t + S \Delta t - N_i \]
and take the 'derivative':
\[ \frac{N_f - N_i}{\Delta t} = \frac{(1- \frac{1}{K_eff} - \beta) K_{eff} N_i}{\Delta t} + \sum_{i=1}^6 \lambda_i C_i + S
\]
\[ \frac{N_f - N_i}{\Delta t} = \frac{(1- \frac{1}{K_eff} - \beta) K_{eff} N_i}{\Delta t} + \sum_{i=1}^6 \lambda_i C_i + S \]
then after a little more substitution found in Fundamental Kinetics Ideas:
\\[ \dot N(t) = \frac{(\rho - \beta) N(t)}{\Lambda} + \sum_{i=1}^6 \lambda_i C_i + S
\]
\[ \dot N(t) = \frac{(\rho - \beta) N(t)}{\Lambda} + \sum_{i=1}^6 \lambda_i C_i + S \]
and not forgetting our precursors:
@ -80,5 +76,4 @@ precursors catch up to the reactivity increase.
\subsection*{Part E}
Power turning has to do with start-up rate and the rate at which the total
neutron population is changing. For this diagram, turning means that \(\dot
N_f\) changes sign.
neutron population is changing. For this diagram, turning means that \(\dot N_f\) changes sign.

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\section*{Problem 2}
We can use the startup rate equation assuming \(\dot \lambda_{eff}, S = 0\) to
solve this problem:
\[SUR = 26.06 [dpm-sec] \frac{\dot \rho + \lambda_{eff} \rho}{\beta - \rho}\]
To get from \(10^{-6}\%\) to \(10^{1}\%\) power in 50 minutes, we can find that:
\[SUR = \frac{1-(-6)}{50} \frac{\text{decades}}{\text{minutes}} = 0.14
\text{DPM}\]
We then plug in our values (assume \(\dot \rho = 0\) with a step change):
\[0.14 = 26.06 [dpm-sec] \frac{0 + 0.1 \rho}{\beta - \rho}\]
\[0.14 \beta - 0.14 \rho= 2.606 \rho\]
\[\boxed{\rho = 0.0509\beta}\]
Thus the correct answer is C.

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@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
\section*{Problem 3}
\subsection*{Part A}
The moderator temperature coefficient must be controlling power. With all other
factors constant, the moderator temperature coefficient is the only thing adding
negative reactivity to the system.
\subsection*{Part B}
\[\rho_{net} = \frac{\partial \rho_{net}}{\partial T}dT
+ \frac{\partial \rho_{net}}{\partial H} dH
+ \frac{\partial \rho_{net}}{\partial Poison} dPoison
+ \frac{\partial \rho_{net}}{\partial Power} dPower
\]
But with ingoring fuel temperature feedback and no boron effects,
\[\rho_{net} = -10 [\frac{\text{pcm}}{^\circ F}]dT
+ \frac{\partial \rho_{net}}{\partial H} dH
\]
Given that there is no poison or fuel temperature feedback, and steam demand
does not change, reactor power will stay the same after the control rod drops
into the core. Only moderator temperature can change reactivity in this problem.
\subsection*{Part C}
\[0 = -10 [\frac{\text{pcm}}{^\circ F}]dT
- 100[pcm]
\]
\[dT = \frac{100[pcm]}{-10[\frac{\text{pcm}}{^\circ F}]}\]
\[dT = -10^\circ F\]
\[\boxed{T_{final} = 577^\circ F}\]
\subsection*{Part D}
Power will remain the same, and therefore steam pressure should remain the same
as well.

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\section*{Problem 4}
The power trajectory would be exponentially positive as the reactor would become
prompt critical. One would analyze the transient by using a robot to examine the
reactor soup after the steam bomb goes off in the containment.
But being serious, one may examine the power transient by evaluating \(\rho\)
over time using the partial addition formula we used in the last problem.
Because the reactor is prompt critical, we can essentially ignore the delayed
neutrons. The point kinetic equations can also be used, but honestly a decent
approximation will be a first order exponential growth with time constant
derived from the prompt neutron lifetime.
For a high enrichment fuel, the growth of the curve will be impeded by basically
nothing. Fuel and moderator temperature effects will be minimal. For a low
enrichment fuel, moderator temperature and fuel temperature effects will slow
the exponential growth as temperature increases, but depending on reactor
design, will not prevent catastrophic failure.

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\section*{Problem 5}
\subsection*{Part A}
\subsection*{Part B}
\subsection*{Part C}