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300s School/NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/2024-09-10 Module 3.md
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# Module 3.1 - Radiation Terminology and Units
>[!note] Radiation Activity Units
>Activity is measured in disintegrations per unit time.
> - Historical Unit: The Curie
> - 1 Curie = 3.7 x 10^10 disintegrations per second
> = 2.22 x 10^12 disintegrations per minute
> - SI Unit: The Becquerel
> - 1 Bq = 1 disintegration per second
>
1. Ionization is what causes all observable effects of radiation.
1. Breaks chemical bonds, disturbs chemical processes
2. The number of ionization events a single particle of radiation can cause is dependent on energy
1. Number of ionization DENSITY is determined by the linear energy transfer, in units of energy per unit length
1. Alpha SUPER high
2. Beta mid
3. Gamma low
2. But different rays can only penetrate certain materials
1. Ionization density is inversely proportional to penetration
# Module 3.2 - Radiation Damage in Biological Systems
# Module 3.3 - Radiation Protection Standards
# Module 3.4 - Estimating Radiation Dose Rates
# Module 3.5 - Radiation Shielding