diff --git a/.obsidian/workspace.json b/.obsidian/workspace.json index e95f303fa..a78e5f30e 100755 --- a/.obsidian/workspace.json +++ b/.obsidian/workspace.json @@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ }, "active": "bfc2da582280b85c", "lastOpenFiles": [ + "302. NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/Pasted image 20240827193439.png", "302. NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/Pasted image 20240827190612.png", "1. Daily Notes/8. August/2024-08-27.md", "900. Calendars/3. Events/stubb!.md", diff --git a/302. NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/2024-08-27 Introduction.md b/302. NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/2024-08-27 Introduction.md index f17436e6c..ae1d110e6 100644 --- a/302. NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/2024-08-27 Introduction.md +++ b/302. NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/2024-08-27 Introduction.md @@ -50,3 +50,51 @@ Atomic mass of Z is in the slides Einstein famously showed that $E = m c^2$ Electron volts are a unit ![[Pasted image 20240827190612.png]] + +# Forces in the nucleus +1. Nuclear (Strong) force (Attractive) +2. Coulomb force (repulsive) +In a stable atom, these are balanced forces. + +Some ways atoms are unstable: +1. Proton rich + 1. Way too much Coulomb force + 2. They will split! +2. Neutron rich + 1. Not enough Coulomb force + 2. Will want to shift around, and will shed neutrons + +If the ratio of neutrons to protons is between 1-2, the atom is stable. + +Nature will always break apart unstable atoms: +1. Convert neutrons into protons (or v.v.) +2. Split into two nuclei +3. Eject a particle + +1 Normally happens for lower atomic number atoms. As nuclei get bigger, the strong force is less powerful and the ejection can actually happen. + +## Decay Modes +1. Emit a nucleon + 1. proton emission (rare) + 2. double proton (rarer) + 3. neutron emission (rare) + 4. alpha decay (common!) + 5. cluster decay(rare) + +### Alpha Decay +4 amu mass, charge +2. Helium nucleus. Most common decay mode for nuclei with Z>90. + +### Breaking Apart (Spontaneous fission) +Much less common than alpha decay. +Occurs for nuclei 2Z/A >45 + +### Changing Nucleon Type +Most common for smaller atoms +Two basic modes: both are beta decay (+/-) + Negative turns a neutron into a proton, emit an electron + Positive turns a proton into a neutron, emit a positiron + This mf gets obliterated pretty damn fast. That atom then becomes an ion. Emits a couple of photons. + electron capture! Proton will absorb an inner cloud electron. +Neutrinos also get ejected + +![[Pasted image 20240827193439.png]] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/302. NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/Pasted image 20240827193439.png b/302. NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/Pasted image 20240827193439.png new file mode 100644 index 000000000..579489249 Binary files /dev/null and b/302. NUCE 2100 - Fundamentals of Nuclear Engineering/Pasted image 20240827193439.png differ