vault backup: 2024-08-27 18:51:47

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Dane Sabo 2024-08-27 18:51:47 -04:00
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# Parts and things related to atoms
Four main components
1. **Electron**
1. Basically massless.
2. Don't have a huge effect on the nuclear physics.
2. **Proton**
1. Do have mass!
2. Determine what the element is.
3. **Neutron**
1. Are the fuel. Hit things fast
2. Don't change element by number.
3.
4. **Photon**
1. Don't really interact with matter
2. Can actually be a safety concern. Can harm people.
5. Bonus! **Neutrino**
1. Basically no mass.
2. Balance out the energy equations.
3. Light :)
The nucleus is really, really small.
For $^4 He$ , $V_\text{nucleus} / V_\text{atom} = 2.6\times 10^-12$
# Atom Identification
## $^A_Z X$
* A is the atomic mass
* Z is the atomic number
* X is the element symbol
Some examples:
$^{235}_{92} U$ $^4_2 He$ $^1_1 H$
**Nuclide** - A type of atom characterized by the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of every atom of this type
**Isotopes** - Atoms with the same number of protons but containing different numbers of neutrons.
**Isotopic Abundance** - The percentage of an element that is a certain isotope. Sometimes abbreviated (a/o)